diff --git a/app/__init__.py b/app/__init__.py
index 9fad21e30..1707be71c 100644
--- a/app/__init__.py
+++ b/app/__init__.py
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ migrate = None
 notify_celery = NotifyCelery()
 aws_ses_client = None
 aws_ses_stub_client = None
-aws_sns_client = AwsSnsClient()
+aws_sns_client = None
 aws_cloudwatch_client = None
 encryption = Encryption()
 zendesk_client = None
@@ -135,6 +135,15 @@ def get_aws_ses_client():
     return aws_ses_client
 
 
+def get_aws_sns_client():
+    global aws_sns_client
+    if os.environ.get("NOTIFY_ENVIRONMENT") == "test":
+        return AwsSnsClient()
+    if aws_ses_client is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(f"Celery not initialized aws_sns_client: {aws_sns_client}")
+    return aws_sns_client
+
+
 def get_document_download_client():
     global document_download_client
     # Our unit tests mock anyway
@@ -148,7 +157,7 @@ def get_document_download_client():
 
 
 def create_app(application):
-    global zendesk_client, migrate, document_download_client, aws_ses_client, aws_ses_stub_client
+    global zendesk_client, migrate, document_download_client, aws_ses_client, aws_ses_stub_client, aws_sns_client
     from app.config import configs
 
     notify_environment = os.environ["NOTIFY_ENVIRONMENT"]
@@ -166,7 +175,6 @@ def create_app(application):
     request_helper.init_app(application)
     db.init_app(application)
     logging.init_app(application)
-    aws_sns_client.init_app(application)
 
     # start lazy initialization for gevent
     migrate = Migrate()
@@ -182,6 +190,8 @@ def create_app(application):
     aws_ses_client.init_app()
     aws_ses_stub_client = AwsSesStubClient()
     aws_ses_stub_client.init_app(stub_url=application.config["SES_STUB_URL"])
+    aws_sns_client = AwsSnsClient()
+    aws_sns_client.init_app(application)
 
     # end lazy initialization
 
diff --git a/tests/app/clients/test_aws_sns.py b/tests/app/clients/test_aws_sns.py
index 09c623f18..5f1e8af44 100644
--- a/tests/app/clients/test_aws_sns.py
+++ b/tests/app/clients/test_aws_sns.py
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import pytest
 
-from app import aws_sns_client
+from app import get_aws_sns_client
+
+aws_sns_client = get_aws_sns_client()
 
 
 def test_send_sms_successful_returns_aws_sns_response(notify_api, mocker):
diff --git a/tests/app/delivery/test_send_to_providers.py b/tests/app/delivery/test_send_to_providers.py
index ba0837f8e..ac564f7e2 100644
--- a/tests/app/delivery/test_send_to_providers.py
+++ b/tests/app/delivery/test_send_to_providers.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from requests import HTTPError
 from sqlalchemy import select
 
 import app
-from app import aws_sns_client, db, notification_provider_clients
+from app import db, notification_provider_clients
 from app.cloudfoundry_config import cloud_config
 from app.dao import notifications_dao
 from app.dao.provider_details_dao import get_provider_details_by_identifier
@@ -88,7 +88,9 @@ def test_should_send_personalised_template_to_correct_sms_provider_and_persist(
         reply_to_text=sample_sms_template_with_html.service.get_default_sms_sender(),
     )
 
-    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms")
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
 
     mock_s3 = mocker.patch("app.delivery.send_to_providers.get_phone_number_from_s3")
     mock_s3.return_value = "2028675309"
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ def test_should_send_personalised_template_to_correct_sms_provider_and_persist(
 
     send_to_providers.send_sms_to_provider(db_notification)
 
-    aws_sns_client.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
+    send_mock.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
         to="2028675309",
         content="Sample service: Hello Jo\nHere is <em>some HTML</em> & entities",
         reference=str(db_notification.id),
@@ -224,7 +226,10 @@ def test_should_not_send_sms_message_when_service_is_inactive_notification_is_in
     sample_service, sample_notification, mocker
 ):
     sample_service.active = False
-    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms", return_value="reference")
+
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
 
     mock_phone = mocker.patch("app.delivery.send_to_providers.get_phone_number_from_s3")
     mock_phone.return_value = "15555555555"
@@ -237,7 +242,7 @@ def test_should_not_send_sms_message_when_service_is_inactive_notification_is_in
     with pytest.raises(NotificationTechnicalFailureException) as e:
         send_to_providers.send_sms_to_provider(sample_notification)
     assert str(sample_notification.id) in str(e.value)
-    send_mock.assert_not_called()
+    send_mock.send_sms.assert_not_called()
     assert (
         db.session.get(Notification, sample_notification.id).status
         == NotificationStatus.TECHNICAL_FAILURE
@@ -266,7 +271,9 @@ def test_send_sms_should_use_template_version_from_notification_not_latest(
     )
     mock_s3_p.return_value = {"ignore": "ignore"}
 
-    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms")
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
 
     version_on_notification = sample_template.version
     expected_template_id = sample_template.id
@@ -283,7 +290,7 @@ def test_send_sms_should_use_template_version_from_notification_not_latest(
 
     send_to_providers.send_sms_to_provider(db_notification)
 
-    aws_sns_client.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
+    send_mock.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
         to="2028675309",
         content="Sample service: This is a template:\nwith a newline",
         reference=str(db_notification.id),
@@ -333,7 +340,10 @@ def test_should_not_send_to_provider_when_status_is_not_created(
         template=sample_template,
         status=NotificationStatus.SENDING,
     )
-    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms")
+
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
     response_mock = mocker.patch("app.delivery.send_to_providers.send_sms_response")
 
     mock_s3 = mocker.patch("app.delivery.send_to_providers.get_phone_number_from_s3")
@@ -346,7 +356,7 @@ def test_should_not_send_to_provider_when_status_is_not_created(
 
     send_to_providers.send_sms_to_provider(notification)
 
-    app.aws_sns_client.send_sms.assert_not_called()
+    send_mock.send_sms.assert_not_called()
     response_mock.assert_not_called()
 
 
@@ -371,7 +381,9 @@ def test_should_send_sms_with_downgraded_content(notify_db_session, mocker):
     db_notification.personalisation = {"misc": placeholder}
     db_notification.reply_to_text = "testing"
 
-    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms")
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
 
     mock_phone = mocker.patch("app.delivery.send_to_providers.get_phone_number_from_s3")
     mock_phone.return_value = "15555555555"
@@ -383,7 +395,7 @@ def test_should_send_sms_with_downgraded_content(notify_db_session, mocker):
 
     send_to_providers.send_sms_to_provider(db_notification)
 
-    aws_sns_client.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
+    send_mock.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
         to=ANY, content=gsm_message, reference=ANY, sender=ANY, international=False
     )
 
@@ -393,7 +405,10 @@ def test_send_sms_should_use_service_sms_sender(
 ):
 
     mocker.patch("app.delivery.send_to_providers.redis_store", return_value=None)
-    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms")
+
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
     mocker.patch("app.delivery.send_to_providers.update_notification_message_id")
 
     sms_sender = create_service_sms_sender(
@@ -415,7 +430,7 @@ def test_send_sms_should_use_service_sms_sender(
         db_notification,
     )
 
-    app.aws_sns_client.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
+    send_mock.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
         to=ANY,
         content=ANY,
         reference=ANY,
@@ -689,7 +704,10 @@ def test_should_update_billable_units_and_status_according_to_research_mode_and_
         "app.delivery.send_to_providers.update_notification_message_id",
         return_value=None,
     )
-    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms")
+
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
     mocker.patch(
         "app.delivery.send_to_providers.send_sms_response",
         side_effect=__update_notification(notification, research_mode, expected_status),
@@ -718,7 +736,10 @@ def test_should_set_notification_billable_units_and_reduces_provider_priority_if
     sample_notification,
     mocker,
 ):
-    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms", side_effect=Exception())
+
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.side_effect = Exception()
+    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
 
     sample_notification.billable_units = 0
     assert sample_notification.sent_by is None
@@ -748,7 +769,10 @@ def test_should_send_sms_to_international_providers(
 ):
 
     mocker.patch("app.delivery.send_to_providers._get_verify_code", return_value=None)
-    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms")
+
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
 
     notification_international = create_notification(
         template=sample_template,
@@ -776,7 +800,7 @@ def test_should_send_sms_to_international_providers(
 
     send_to_providers.send_sms_to_provider(notification_international)
 
-    aws_sns_client.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
+    send_mock.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
         to="601117224412",
         content=ANY,
         reference=str(notification_international.id),
@@ -805,7 +829,10 @@ def test_should_handle_sms_sender_and_prefix_message(
 ):
 
     mocker.patch("app.delivery.send_to_providers.redis_store", return_value=None)
-    mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms")
+
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
 
     mocker.patch(
         "app.delivery.send_to_providers.update_notification_message_id",
@@ -827,7 +854,7 @@ def test_should_handle_sms_sender_and_prefix_message(
 
     send_to_providers.send_sms_to_provider(notification)
 
-    aws_sns_client.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
+    send_mock.send_sms.assert_called_once_with(
         content=expected_content,
         sender=expected_sender,
         to=ANY,
@@ -882,7 +909,10 @@ def test_send_sms_to_provider_should_use_normalised_to(mocker, client, sample_te
         "app.delivery.send_to_providers.update_notification_message_id",
         return_value=None,
     )
-    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms")
+
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
     notification = create_notification(
         template=sample_template,
         to_field="+12028675309",
@@ -975,7 +1005,9 @@ def test_send_sms_to_provider_should_return_template_if_found_in_redis(
     )
     mock_get_service = mocker.patch("app.dao.services_dao.dao_fetch_service_by_id")
 
-    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client.send_sms")
+    mock_client = MagicMock()
+    mock_client.send_sms.return_value = "reference"
+    send_mock = mocker.patch("app.aws_sns_client", mock_client)
     notification = create_notification(
         template=sample_template,
         to_field="+447700900855",