diff --git a/app/dao/invited_user_dao.py b/app/dao/invited_user_dao.py
index a342f504d..631086f30 100644
--- a/app/dao/invited_user_dao.py
+++ b/app/dao/invited_user_dao.py
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from datetime import timedelta
 
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
 from app import db
 from app.enums import InvitedUserStatus
 from app.models import InvitedUser
@@ -12,30 +14,37 @@ def save_invited_user(invited_user):
 
 
 def get_invited_user_by_service_and_id(service_id, invited_user_id):
-    return InvitedUser.query.filter(
+
+    stmt = select(InvitedUser).where(
         InvitedUser.service_id == service_id,
         InvitedUser.id == invited_user_id,
-    ).one()
+    )
+    return db.session.execute(stmt).scalars().one()
 
 
 def get_expired_invite_by_service_and_id(service_id, invited_user_id):
-    return InvitedUser.query.filter(
+    stmt = select(InvitedUser).where(
         InvitedUser.service_id == service_id,
         InvitedUser.id == invited_user_id,
         InvitedUser.status == InvitedUserStatus.EXPIRED,
-    ).one()
+    )
+    return db.session.execute(stmt).scalars().all()
 
 
 def get_invited_user_by_id(invited_user_id):
-    return InvitedUser.query.filter(InvitedUser.id == invited_user_id).one()
+    stmt = select(InvitedUser).where(InvitedUser.id == invited_user_id)
+    return db.session.execute(stmt).scalars().one()
 
 
 def get_expired_invited_users_for_service(service_id):
-    return InvitedUser.query.filter(InvitedUser.service_id == service_id).all()
+    # TODO why does this return all invited users?
+    stmt = select(InvitedUser).where(InvitedUser.service_id == service_id)
+    return db.session.execute(stmt).scalars().all()
 
 
 def get_invited_users_for_service(service_id):
-    return InvitedUser.query.filter(InvitedUser.service_id == service_id).all()
+    stmt = select(InvitedUser).where(InvitedUser.service_id == service_id)
+    return db.session.execute(stmt).scalars().all()
 
 
 def expire_invitations_created_more_than_two_days_ago():
diff --git a/app/dao/notifications_dao.py b/app/dao/notifications_dao.py
index 1d07473c1..cbde45d30 100644
--- a/app/dao/notifications_dao.py
+++ b/app/dao/notifications_dao.py
@@ -192,6 +192,7 @@ def get_notifications_for_job(
 ):
     if page_size is None:
         page_size = current_app.config["PAGE_SIZE"]
+
     query = Notification.query.filter_by(service_id=service_id, job_id=job_id)
     query = _filter_query(query, filter_dict)
     return query.order_by(asc(Notification.job_row_number)).paginate(
diff --git a/app/dao/provider_details_dao.py b/app/dao/provider_details_dao.py
index b0ab48d09..fca8ebd73 100644
--- a/app/dao/provider_details_dao.py
+++ b/app/dao/provider_details_dao.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from datetime import datetime
 
 from flask import current_app
-from sqlalchemy import desc, func
+from sqlalchemy import desc, func, select
 
 from app import db
 from app.dao.dao_utils import autocommit
@@ -11,11 +11,12 @@ from app.utils import utc_now
 
 
 def get_provider_details_by_id(provider_details_id):
-    return ProviderDetails.query.get(provider_details_id)
+    return db.session.get(ProviderDetails, provider_details_id)
 
 
 def get_provider_details_by_identifier(identifier):
-    return ProviderDetails.query.filter_by(identifier=identifier).one()
+    stmt = select(ProviderDetails).where(identifier=identifier)
+    return db.session.execute(stmt).scalars().one()
 
 
 def get_alternative_sms_provider(identifier):